Thin dual-aperture zoom digital camera

ABSTRACT

A dual-aperture zoom camera comprising a Wide camera with a respective Wide lens and a Tele camera with a respective Tele lens, the Wide and Tele cameras mounted directly on a single printed circuit board, wherein the Wide and Tele lenses have respective effective focal lengths EFL W  and EFL T  and respective total track lengths TTL W  and TTL T  and wherein TTL W /EFL W &gt;1.1 and TTL T /EFL T &lt;1.0. Optionally, the dual-aperture zoom camera may further comprise an optical OIS controller configured to provide a compensation lens movement according to a user-defined zoom factor (ZF) and a camera tilt (CT) through LMV=CT*EFL ZF , where EFL ZF  is a zoom-factor dependent effective focal length.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation application of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 15/456,506 filed Mar. 11, 2017 (now allowed), whichwas a continuation application of U.S. patent application Ser. No.14/973,753 filed Dec. 18, 2015, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,599,796, which was acontinuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/373,500 filed Jul.21, 2014, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,413,972, which was a 371 application frominternational application PCT/IB2014/062854 filed Jul. 4, 2014, and isrelated to and claims priority from U.S. Provisional Patent ApplicationNo. 61/842,987 filed Jul. 4, 2013, which is incorporated herein byreference in its entirety.

FIELD

Embodiments disclosed herein relate in general to digital cameras, andmore particularly, to thin dual-aperture zoom digital cameras that canbe incorporated in a portable electronic product such as a mobile phone.

BACKGROUND

Compact multi-aperture and in particular dual-aperture (also referred toas “dual-lens” or “dual-camera”) digital cameras are known.Miniaturization technologies allow incorporation of such cameras incompact portable electronic devices such as tablets and mobile phones(the latter referred to hereinafter generically as “smartphones”), wherethey provide advanced imaging capabilities such as zoom, see e.g.co-owned PCT patent application No. PCT/IB2013/060356 titled“High-resolution thin multi-aperture imaging systems”, which isincorporated herein by reference in its entirety. A two-camera system(exemplarily including a wide-angle (or “Wide”) camera and a telephoto(or “Tele”) camera) is calibrated in an end product (e.g. in asmartphone) after manufacturing.

System calibration matches Tele and Wide image pixels by capturing inboth cameras known objects. This enables faster and more reliableapplication of fusion between the two cameras, as described inPCT/IB2013/060356. One problem with such cameras may arise from mishapssuch as drop impact. The latter may cause a relative movement betweenthe two cameras after system calibration, changing the pixel matchingbetween Tele and Wide images and thus preventing fast reliable fusion ofthe Tele and Wide images.

Another problem with dual-aperture zoom cameras relates to their height.There is a large difference in the height (also known as total tracklength or “TTL”) of the Tele and Wide cameras. The TTL, see FIG. 1, isdefined as the maximal distance between the object-side surface of afirst lens element and a camera image sensor plane. In the following,“W” and “T” subscripts refer respectively to Wide and Tele cameras. Inmost miniature lenses, the TTL is larger than the lens effective focallength (EFL), which has a meaning well known in the art, see FIG. 1. Atypical TTL/EFL ratio for a given lens (or lens assembly) is around 1.3.In a single-aperture smartphone camera, EFL is typically 3.5 mm, leadingto a field of view of 70-80°. Assuming one wishes to achieve adual-aperture X2 optical zoom in a smartphone, it would be natural touse EFL_(W)=3.5 mm and EFL_(T)=2×EFL_(W)=7 mm. However, without spatialrestrictions, the Wide lens will have an EFL_(W)=3.5 mm and a TTL_(W) of3.5×1.3=4.55 mm, while the Tele lens will have EFL_(T)=7 mm and TTL_(T)of 7×1.3=9.1 mm. The incorporation of a 9.1 mm lens in a smartphonecamera would lead to a camera height of around 9.8 mm, which isunacceptable for many smartphone makers. Also the large heightdifference (approx. 4.55 mm) between the Wide and Tele cameras can causeshadowing and light-blocking problems, see FIG. 2.

A third problem relates to the implementation of standard optical imagestabilization (OIS) in a dual-aperture zoom camera. Standard OIScompensates for camera tilt (“CT”) by a parallel-to-the image sensor(exemplarily in the X-Y plane) lens movement (“LMV”). Camera tilt causesimage blur. The amount of LMV (in mm) needed to counter a given cameratilt depends on the cameras lens EFL, according to the relationLMV=CT*EFL where “CT” is in radians and EFL is in mm. Since as shownabove a dual-aperture zoom camera may include two lenses withsignificantly different EFLs, it is impossible to move both lensestogether and achieve optimal tilt compensation for both Tele and Widecameras. That is, since the tilt is the same for both cameras, amovement that will cancel the tilt for the Wide camera will beinsufficient to cancel the tilt for the Tele camera. Similarly, amovement that will cancel the tilt for the Tele camera willover-compensate the tilt cancellation for the Wide camera. Assigning aseparate OIS actuator to each camera can achieve simultaneous tiltcompensation, but at the expense of a complicated and expensive camerasystem.

SUMMARY

Embodiments disclosed herein refer to thin dual-aperture zoom cameraswith improved drop impact resistance, smaller total thickness, smallerTTL difference between Wide and Tele cameras and improved OIScompensation.

In some embodiments there are provided dual-aperture zoom camerascomprising a Wide camera with a respective Wide lens and a Tele camerawith a respective Tele lens, the Wide and Tele cameras mounted directlyon a single printed circuit board, wherein the Wide and Tele lenses haverespective effective focal lengths EFL_(W) and EFL_(T) and respectivetotal track lengths TTL_(W) and TTL_(T) and wherein TTL_(W)/EFL_(W)>1.1and TTL_(T)/EFL_(T)<1.0.

In some embodiments, a dual-aperture zoom camera disclosed hereinfurther comprises an OIS controller configured to provide a compensationlens movement according to a camera tilt input and a user-defined zoomfactor through LMV=CT*EFL_(ZF), wherein EFL_(ZF) is a “zoom-factordependent EFL”.

In some embodiments, the Tele lens is a lens as described in detail inU.S. provisional patent application No. 61/842,987 and in U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 14/367,924, titled “Miniature telephoto lensassembly”, both of which are incorporated herein by reference in theirentirety.

In some embodiments there are provided methods for manufacturing adual-aperture zoom camera comprising the steps of providing a Widecamera having a Wide lens with an effective focal length EFL_(W) and atotal track length TTL_(W), providing a Tele camera having a Tele lenswith an effective focal length EFL_(T) and a total track length TTL_(T),wherein TTL_(W)/EFL_(W)>1.1 and wherein TTL_(T)/EFL_(T)<1.0, andmounting the Wide and Tele cameras directly on a single printed circuitboard.

In some embodiments, the methods further comprise the step ofconfiguring an OIS controller of the dual-aperture zoom camera tocompensate lens movement of the Wide and Tele lenses according to acamera tilt input and a user-defined zoom factor.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Non-limiting embodiments are herein described, by way of example only,with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

FIG. 1 shows definitions of TTL and EFL;

FIG. 2 shows shadowing and light-blocking problems caused by heightdifferences between Wide and Tele cameras in a dual-aperture camera;

FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of a dual-aperture camera disclosed herein;

FIG. 4 shows schematically in a block diagram details of the cameraembodiment of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5A shows a first embodiment of an optical lens system disclosedherein;

FIG. 5B shows the modulus of the optical transfer function (MTF) vs.focus shift of the entire optical system for various fields in the firstembodiment;

FIG. 5C shows the distortion vs. field angle (+Y direction) in percentin the first embodiment;

FIG. 6A shows a second embodiment of an optical lens system disclosedherein;

FIG. 6B shows the MTF vs. focus shift of the entire optical system forvarious fields in the second embodiment;

FIG. 6C shows the distortion +Y in percent in the second embodiment;

FIG. 7A shows a third embodiment of an optical lens system disclosedherein;

FIG. 7B shows the MTF vs. focus shift of the entire optical system forvarious fields in the third embodiment;

FIG. 7C shows the distortion +Y in percent in the third embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present inventors have determined that camera movement (due toexemplarily, but not limited to mishaps such as drop impact) can beavoided or minimized by mounting the two cameras directly on a singleprinted circuit board and by minimizing a distance “d” therebetween.FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of a dual-aperture camera 300 that includestwo cameras 302 and 304 mounted directly on a single printed circuitboard 305. Each camera includes a lens assembly (respectively 306 and308), an actuator (respectively 310 and 312) and an image sensor(respectively 314 and 316). The two actuators are rigidly mounted on arigid base 318 that is flexibly connected to the printed board throughflexible elements 320. Base 318 is movable by an OIS mechanism (notshown) controlled by an OIS controller 402 (FIG. 4). The OIS controlleris coupled to, and receives camera tilt information from, a tilt sensor(exemplarily a gyroscope) 404 (FIG. 4). More details of an exemplary OISprocedure as disclosed herein are given below with reference to FIG. 4.The two cameras are separated by a small distance “d”, typically 1 mm.This small distance between cameras also reduces the perspective effect,enabling smoother zoom transition between cameras.

In some embodiments and optionally, a magnetic shield plate as describedin co-owned U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/365,718 titled “Magneticshielding between voice coil motors in a dual-aperture camera”, which isincorporated herein by reference in its entirety, may be inserted in thegap with width d between the Wide and Tele cameras.

In general, camera dimensions shown in FIG. 3 may be as follows: alength L of the camera (in the Y direction) may vary between 13-25 mm, awidth W of the camera (in the X direction) may vary between 6-12 mm, anda height H of the camera (in the Z direction, perpendicular to the X-Yplane) may vary between 4-12 mm. More typically in a smartphone cameradisclosed herein, L=18 mm, W=8.5 mm and H=7 mm.

The present inventors have further determined that in some embodiments,the problem posed by the large difference in the TTL/EFL ratio of knowndual-aperture camera Tele and Wide lenses may be solved through use of astandard lens for the Wide camera (TTL_(W)/EFL_(W)>1.1, typically 1.3)and of a special Tele lens design for the Tele camera(TTL_(T)/EFL_(T)<1, typically 0.87). Exemplarily, the special Tele lensdesign may be as described in co-owned U.S. patent application Ser. No.14/367,924, titled “Miniature telephoto lens assembly”, which isincorporated herein by reference in its entirety. A Tele lens assemblydescribed in detail below comprises five lenses that include, in orderfrom an object side to an image side: a first lens element with positiverefractive power having a convex object-side surface, a second lenselement with negative refractive power having a thickness d₂ on anoptical axis and separated from the first lens element by a first airgap, a third lens element with negative refractive power and separatedfrom the second lens element by a second air gap, a fourth lens elementhaving a positive refractive power and separated from the third lenselement by a third air gap, and a fifth lens element having a negativerefractive power, separated from the fourth lens element by a fourth airgap, the fifth lens element having a thickness d₅ on the optical axis.The shape (convex or concave) of a lens element surface is defined asviewed from the respective side (i.e. from an object side or from animage side). The lens assembly may exemplarily have a F number (F#)<3.2.In an embodiment, the focal length of the first lens element f1 issmaller than TTL_(T)/2, the first, third and fifth lens elements haveeach an Abbe number greater than 50, the second and fourth lens elementshave each an Abbe number smaller than 30, the first air gap is smallerthan d₂/2, the third air gap is greater than TTL_(T)/5 and the fourthair gap is smaller than 1.5 d₅. In some embodiments, the surfaces of thelens elements may be aspheric.

FIG. 5A shows a first embodiment of an optical lens system disclosed inincorporated by reference U.S. provisional patent application 14/367,924and marked 100. FIG. 5B shows the MTF vs. focus shift of the entireoptical system for various fields in embodiment 100. FIG. 5C shows thedistortion +Y in percent vs. field. Embodiment 100 comprises in orderfrom an object side to an image side: an optional stop 101; a firstplastic lens element 102 with positive refractive power having a convexobject-side surface 102 a and a convex or concave image-side surface 102b; a second plastic lens element 104 with negative refractive power andhaving a meniscus convex object-side surface 104 a, with an image sidesurface marked 104 b; a third plastic lens element 106 with negativerefractive power having a concave object-side surface 106 a with aninflection point and a concave image-side surface 106 b; a fourthplastic lens element 108 with positive refractive power having apositive meniscus, with a concave object-side surface marked 108 a andan image-side surface marked 108 b; and a fifth plastic lens element 110with negative refractive power having a negative meniscus, with aconcave object-side surface marked 110 a and an image-side surfacemarked 110 b. The optical lens system further comprises an optionalglass window 112 disposed between the image-side surface 110 b of fifthlens element 110 and an image plane 114 for image formation of anobject. Moreover, an electronic sensor is disposed at image plane 114for the image formation.

In embodiment 100, all lens element surfaces are aspheric. Detailedoptical data is given in Table 1, and the aspheric surface data is givenin Table 2, wherein the units of the radius of curvature (R), lenselement thickness and/or distances between elements along the opticalaxis and diameter are expressed in mm. “Nd” is the refraction index. Theequation of the aspheric surface profiles is expressed by:

$z = {\frac{{cr}^{2}}{1 + \sqrt{1 - {\left( {1 + k} \right)c^{2}r^{2}}}} + {\alpha_{1}r^{2}} + {\alpha_{2}r^{4}} + {\alpha_{3}r^{6}} + {\alpha_{4}r^{8}} + {\alpha_{5}r^{10}} + {\alpha_{6}r^{12}} + {\alpha_{7}r^{14}}}$

where r is distance from (and perpendicular to) the optical axis, k isthe conic coefficient, c=1/R where R is the radius of curvature, and αare coefficients given in Table 2. In the equation above as applied toembodiments of a lens assembly disclosed in co-owned U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 14/367,924, coefficients α₁ and α₇ are zero. Notethat the maximum value of r “max r”=Diameter/2. Also note that Table 1(and in Tables 3 and 5 below), the distances between various elements(and/or surfaces) are marked “Lmn” (where m refers to the lens elementnumber, n=1 refers to the element thickness and n=2 refers to the airgap to the next element) and are measured on the optical axis z, whereinthe stop is at z=0. Each number is measured from the previous surface.Thus, the first distance −0.466 mm is measured from the stop to surface102 a, the distance L11 from surface 102 a to surface 102 b (i.e. thethickness of first lens element 102) is 0.894 mm, the gap L12 betweensurfaces 102 b and 104 a is 0.020 mm, the distance L21 between surfaces104 a and 104 b (i.e. thickness d2 of second lens element 104) is 0.246mm, etc. Also, L21=d₂ and L51=d₅.

TABLE 1 Radius R Distances Diameter # Comment [mm] [mm] Nd/Vd [mm] 1Stop Infinite −0.466 2.4 2 L11 1.5800 0.894 1.5345/57.095 2.5 3 L12−11.2003 0.020 2.4 4 L21 33.8670 0.246 1.63549/23.91  2.2 5 L22 3.22810.449 1.9 6 L31 −12.2843 0.290 1.5345/57.095 1.9 7 L32 7.7138 2.020 1.88 L41 −2.3755 0.597 1.63549/23.91  3.3 9 L42 −1.8801 0.068 3.6 10 L51−1.8100 0.293 1.5345/57.095 3.9 11 L52 −5.2768 0.617 4.3 12 WindowInfinite 0.210 1.5168/64.17  3.0 13 Infinite 0.200 3.0

TABLE 2 # Conic coefficient k α₂ α₃ α₄ α₅ α₆ 2 −0.4668  7.9218E−032.3146E−02 −3.3436E−02 2.3650E−02 −9.2437E−03 3 −9.8525  2.0102E−022.0647E−04  7.4394E−03 −1.7529E−02   4.5206E−03 4 10.7569 −1.9248E−038.6003E−02  1.1676E−02 −4.0607E−02   1.3545E−02 5 1.4395  5.1029E−032.4578E−01 −1.7734E−01 2.9848E−01 −1.3320E−01 6 0.0000  2.1629E−014.0134E−02  1.3615E−02 2.5914E−03 −1.2292E−02 7 −9.8953  2.3297E−018.2917E−02 −1.2725E−01 1.5691E−01 −5.9624E−02 8 0.9938 −1.3522E−02−7.0395E−03   1.4569E−02 −1.5336E−02   4.3707E−03 9 −6.8097 −1.0654E−011.2933E−02  2.9548E−04 −1.8317E−03   5.0111E−04 10 −7.3161 −1.8636E−018.3105E−02 −1.8632E−02 2.4012E−03 −1.2816E−04 11 0.0000 −1.1927E−017.0245E−02 −2.0735E−02 2.6418E−03 −1.1576E−04Embodiment 100 provides a field of view (FOV) of 44 degrees, withEFL=6.90 mm, F#=2.80 and TTL of 5.904 mm. Thus and advantageously, theratio TTL/EFL=0.855. Advantageously, the Abbe number of the first, thirdand fifth lens element is 57.095. Advantageously, the first air gapbetween lens elements 102 and 104 (the gap between surfaces 102 b and104 a) has a thickness (0.020 mm) which is less than a tenth ofthickness d₂ (0.246 mm). Advantageously, the Abbe number of the secondand fourth lens elements is 23.91. Advantageously, the third air gapbetween lens elements 106 and 108 has a thickness (2.020 mm) greaterthan TTL/5 (5.904/5 mm). Advantageously, the fourth air gap between lenselements 108 and 110 has a thickness (0.068 mm) which is smaller thand₅/2 (0.293/2 mm).

The focal length (in mm) of each lens element in embodiment 100 is asfollows: f1=2.645, f=−5.578, f3=−8.784, f4=9.550 and f5=−5.290. Thecondition 1.2×|f3|>|f2|>1.5×f1 is clearly satisfied, as1.2×8.787>5.578>1.5×2.645. f1 also fulfills the condition f1<TTL/2, as2.645<2.952.

FIG. 6A shows a second embodiment of an optical lens system disclosed inincorporated by reference U.S. provisional patent application 14/367,924and marked 200. FIG. 6B shows the MTF vs. focus shift of the entireoptical system for various fields in embodiment 200. FIG. 6C shows thedistortion +Y in percent vs. field. Embodiment 200 comprises in orderfrom an object side to an image side: an optional stop 201; a firstplastic lens element 202 with positive refractive power having a convexobject-side surface 202 a and a convex or concave image-side surface 202b; a second glass lens element 204 with negative refractive power,having a meniscus convex object-side surface 204 a, with an image sidesurface marked 204 b; a third plastic lens element 206 with negativerefractive power having a concave object-side surface 206 a with aninflection point and a concave image-side surface 206 b; a fourthplastic lens element 208 with positive refractive power having apositive meniscus, with a concave object-side surface marked 208 a andan image-side surface marked 208 b; and a fifth plastic lens element 210with negative refractive power having a negative meniscus, with aconcave object-side surface marked 110 a and an image-side surfacemarked 210 b. The optical lens system further comprises an optionalglass window 212 disposed between the image-side surface 210 b of fifthlens element 210 and an image plane 214 for image formation of anobject. Moreover, an electronic sensor is disposed at image plane 214for the image formation.

In embodiment 200, all lens element surfaces are aspheric. Detailedoptical data is given in Table 3, and the aspheric surface data is givenin Table 4, wherein the markings and units are the same as in,respectively, Tables 1 and 2. The equation of the aspheric surfaceprofiles is the same as for embodiment 100.

TABLE 3 Radius R Distances Diameter # Comment [mm] [mm] Nd/Vd [mm] 1Stop Infinite −0.592 2.5 2 L11 1.5457 0.898 1.53463/56.18 2.6 3 L12−127.7249 0.129 2.6 4 L21 6.6065 0.251 1.91266/20.65 2.1 5 L22 2.80900.443 1.8 6 L31 9.6183 0.293 1.53463/56.18 1.8 7 L32 3.4694 1.766 1.7 8L41 −2.6432 0.696 1.632445/23.35  3.2 9 L42 −1.8663 0.106 3.6 10 L51−1.4933 0.330 1.53463/56.18 3.9 11 L52 −4.1588 0.649 4.3 12 WindowInfinite 0.210  1.5168/64.17 5.4 13 Infinite 0.130 5.5

TABLE 4 # Conic coefficient k α₂ α₃ α₄ α₅ α₆ 2 0.0000 −2.7367E−03 2.8779E−04 −4.3661E−03  3.0069E−03 −1.2282E−03  3 −10.0119 4.0790E−02−1.8379E−02   2.2562E−02 −1.7706E−02 4.9640E−03 4 10.0220 4.6151E−025.8320E−02 −2.0919E−02 −1.2846E−02 8.8283E−03 5 7.2902 3.6028E−021.1436E−01 −1.9022E−02  4.7992E−03 −3.4079E−03  6 0.0000 1.6639E−015.6754E−02 −1.2238E−02 −1.8648E−02 1.9292E−02 7 8.1261 1.5353E−018.1427E−02 −1.5773E−01  1.5303E−01 −4.6064E−02  8 0.0000 −3.2628E−02 1.9535E−02 −1.6716E−02 −2.0132E−03 2.0112E−03 9 0.0000 1.5173E−02−1.2252E−02   3.3611E−03 −2.5303E−03 8.4038E−04 10 −4.7688 −1.4736E−01 7.6335E−02 −2.5539E−02  5.5897E−03 −5.0290E−04  11 0.00E+00 −8.3741E−02 4.2660E−02 −8.4866E−03  1.2183E−04 7.2785E−05Embodiment 200 provides a FOV of 43.48 degrees, with EFL=7 mm, F#=2.86and TTL=5.90 mm. Thus and advantageously, the ratio TTL/EFL=0.843.Advantageously, the Abbe number of the first, third and fifth lenselements is 56.18. The first air gap between lens elements 202 and 204has a thickness (0.129 mm) which is about half the thickness d₂ (0.251mm). Advantageously, the Abbe number of the second lens element is 20.65and of the fourth lens element is 23.35. Advantageously, the third airgap between lens elements 206 and 208 has a thickness (1.766 mm) greaterthan TTL/5 (5.904/5 mm). Advantageously, the fourth air gap between lenselements 208 and 210 has a thickness (0.106 mm) which is less than d₅/2(0.330/2 mm).

The focal length (in mm) of each lens element in embodiment 200 is asfollows: f1=2.851, f2=−5.468, f3=−10.279, f4=7.368 and f5=−4.536. Thecondition 1.2×|f2|>|f2|>1.5×f1 is clearly satisfied, as1.2×10.279>5.468>1.5×2.851. f1 also fulfills the condition f1<TTL/2, as2.851<2.950.

FIG. 7A shows a third embodiment of an optical lens system disclosed inincorporated by reference U.S. provisional patent application 14/367,924and marked 700. FIG. 7B shows the MTF vs. focus shift of the entireoptical system for various fields in embodiment 700. FIG. 7C shows thedistortion +Y in percent vs. field. Embodiment 700 comprises in orderfrom an object side to an image side: an optional stop 701; a firstglass lens element 702 with positive refractive power having a convexobject-side surface 702 a and a convex or concave image-side surface 702b; a second plastic lens element 704 with negative refractive power,having a meniscus convex object-side surface 304 a, with an image sidesurface marked 704 b; a third plastic lens element 706 with negativerefractive power having a concave object-side surface 706 a with aninflection point and a concave image-side surface 706 b; a fourthplastic lens element 708 with positive refractive power having apositive meniscus, with a concave object-side surface marked 708 a andan image-side surface marked 708 b; and a fifth plastic lens element 710with negative refractive power having a negative meniscus, with aconcave object-side surface marked 710 a and an image-side surfacemarked 710 b. The optical lens system further comprises an optionalglass window 712 disposed between the image-side surface 710 b of fifthlens element 710 and an image plane 714 for image formation of anobject. Moreover, an electronic sensor is disposed at image plane 714for the image formation.

In embodiment 700, all lens element surfaces are aspheric. Detailedoptical data is given in Table 5, and the aspheric surface data is givenin Table 6, wherein the markings and units are the same as in,respectively, Tables 1 and 2. The equation of the aspheric surfaceprofiles is the same as for embodiments 100 and 200.

TABLE 5 Radius R Distances Diameter # Comment [mm] [mm] Nd/Vd [mm] 1Stop Infinite −0.38 2.4 2 L11 1.5127 0.919 1.5148/63.1  2.5 3 L12−13.3831 0.029 2.3 4 L21 8.4411 0.254 1.63549/23.91  2.1 5 L22 2.61810.426 1.8 6 L31 −17.9618 0.265 1.5345/57.09 1.8 7 L32 4.5841 1.998 1.7 8L41 −2.8827 0.514 1.63549/23.91  3.4 9 L42 −1.9771 0.121 3.7 10 L51−1.8665 0.431 1.5345/57.09 4.0 11 L52 −6.3670 0.538 4.4 12 WindowInfinite 0.210 1.5168/64.17 3.0 13 Infinite 0.200 3.0

TABLE 6 # Conic coefficient k α₂ α₃ α₄ α₅ α₆ 2 −0.534 1.3253E−022.3699E−02 −2.8501E−02 1.7853E−02 −4.0314E−03 3 −13.473 3.0077E−024.7972E−03  1.4475E−02 −1.8490E−02   4.3565E−03 4 −10.132 7.0372E−041.1328E−01  1.2346E−03 −4.2655E−02   8.8625E−03 5 5.180 −1.9210E−03 2.3799E−01 −8.8055E−02 2.1447E−01 −1.2702E−01 6 0.000 2.6780E−011.8129E−02 −1.7323E−02 3.7372E−02 −2.1356E−02 7 10.037 2.7660E−01−1.0291E−02  −6.0955E−02 7.5235E−02 −1.6521E−02 8 1.703 2.6462E−02−1.2633E−02  −4.7724E−04 −3.2762E−03   1.6551E−03 9 −1.456 5.7704E−03−1.8826E−02   5.1593E−03 −2.9999E−03   8.0685E−04 10 −6.511 −2.1699E−01 1.3692E−01 −4.2629E−02 6.8371E−03 −4.1415E−04 11 0.000 −1.5120E−01 8.6614E−02 −2.3324E−02 2.7361E−03 −1.1236E−04Embodiment 700 provides a FOV of 44 degrees, EFL=6.84 mm, F#=2.80 andTTL=5.904 mm. Thus and advantageously, the ratio TTL/EFL=0.863.Advantageously, the Abbe number of the first lens element is 63.1, andof the third and fifth lens elements is 57.09. The first air gap betweenlens elements 702 and 704 has a thickness (0.029 mm) which is about1/10^(th) the thickness d₂ (0.254 mm). Advantageously, the Abbe numberof the second and fourth lens elements is 23.91. Advantageously, thethird air gap between lens elements 706 and 708 has a thickness (1.998mm) greater than TTL/5 (5.904/5 mm). Advantageously, the fourth air gapbetween lens elements 708 and 710 has a thickness (0.121 mm) which isless than d₅/2 (0.431/2 mm).

The focal length (in mm) of each lens element in embodiment 700 is asfollows: f1=2.687, f2=−6.016, f3=−6.777, f4=8.026 and f5=−5.090. Thecondition 1.2×|f3|>|f2|>1.5×f1 is clearly satisfied, as1.2×6.777>6.016>1.5×2.687. f1 also fulfills the condition f1<TTL/2, as2.687<2.952.

Using a Tele lens designed as above, TTL_(T) is reduced to 7×0.87 =6.09mm, leading to a camera height of less than 7 mm (acceptable in asmartphone). The height difference (vs. the Wide camera) is also reducedto approximately 1.65 mm, causing less shadowing and light blockingproblems.

In some embodiments of a dual-aperture camera disclosed herein, theratio “e”=EFL_(T)/EFL_(W) is in the range 1.3-2.0. In some embodiments,the ratio TTL_(T)/TTL_(W)<0.8e. In some embodiments, TTL_(T)/TTL_(W) isin the range 1.0-1.25. In general, in camera embodiments disclosedherein, EFL_(W) may be in the range 2.5-6 mm and EFL_(T) may be in therange 5-12 mm.

With reference now to FIG. 4, in operation, tilt sensor 404 dynamicallymeasures the camera tilt (which is the same for both the Wide and Telecameras). OIS controller 402, which is coupled to the actuators of bothcameras through base 318, receives a CT input from the tilt sensor and auser-defined zoom factor, and controls the lens movement of the twocameras to compensate for the tilt. The LMV is exemplarily in the X-Yplane. The OIS controller is configured to provide a LMV equal toCT*EFL_(ZF), where “EFL_(ZF)” is chosen according to the user-definedZF. In an exemplary OIS procedure, when ZF=1, LMV is determined by theWide camera EFL_(W) (i.e. EFL_(ZF)=EFL_(W) and LMV=CT*EFL_(W)). Furtherexemplarily, when ZF>e (i.e. ZF>EFL_(T)/EFL_(W)), LMV is determined byEFL_(T) (i.e. EFL_(ZF)=EFL_(T) and LMV=CT*EFL_(T)). Further exemplarilyyet, for a ZF between 1 and e, the EFL_(ZF) may shift gradually fromEFL_(W) to EFL_(T) according to EFL_(ZF)=ZF*EFL_(W). As mentioned, theOIS procedure above is exemplary, and other OIS procedures may use otherrelationships between EFL_(ZF) and ZF to provide other type of LMV.

While this disclosure has been described in terms of certain embodimentsand generally associated methods, alterations and permutations of theembodiments and methods will be apparent to those skilled in the art.The disclosure is to be understood as not limited by the specificembodiments described herein, but only by the scope of the appendedclaims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A dual-aperture zoom camera, comprising: a) aWide camera with a respective Wide lens and a Tele camera with arespective Tele lens, wherein the Wide and Tele lenses have respectiveeffective focal lengths EFL_(W) and EFL_(T) and wherein EFL_(T)>EFL_(W);and b) an optical image stabilization (OIS) mechanism configured toprovide a compensation for lens movement (LMV) of the Wide and Telelenses according to a camera tilt (CT) input and a user-defined zoomfactor (ZF), wherein LMV=CT×EFL_(ZF) and wherein CT is a camera tilt inradians and EFL_(ZF) is a zoom-factor dependent effective focal lengthin millimeters.
 1. The dual-aperture zoom camera of claim 1, wherein aheight difference between the Tele and Wide cameras is equal to orsmaller than 1.65 mm.
 2. The dual-aperture zoom camera of claim 1,wherein a ratio e=EFL_(T)/EFL_(W) between the effective focal lengths ofthe Tele and Wide cameras is in the range 1.3-2.0.
 3. The dual-aperturezoom camera of claim 3, wherein a ratio TTL_(T)/TTL_(W) between thetotal track lengths of the Tele and Wide cameras is smaller than 0.8e.4. The dual-aperture zoom camera of claim 1, wherein a height of thedual-aperture zoom camera has a value between 4 mm and 8 mm.
 5. Thedual-aperture zoom camera of claim 1, wherein the Tele lens comprises,starting form an object side, first, second, third, fourth and fifthlens elements and wherein an air gap between the third lens element andthe fourth lens element is greater than TTL_(T)/5.
 6. The dual-aperturezoom camera of claim 1, wherein the Tele lens comprises, starting forman object side, first, second, third, fourth and fifth lens elements andwherein an air gap between the fourth lens element and the fifth lenselement is smaller than 1.5 times a width of the fifth lens element. 7.The dual-aperture zoom camera of claim 1, wherein the Tele lens has a Fnumber smaller than
 3. 8. The dual-aperture zoom camera of claim 1,wherein the Tele lens has a F number substantially equal to 2.8.
 9. Thedual-aperture zoom camera of claim 1, wherein the Tele lens comprises,starting form an object side, first, second, third, fourth and fifthlens elements and wherein the fourth lens element and the fifth lenselement have different dispersions.
 10. The dual-aperture zoom camera ofclaim 1, wherein the Tele lens comprises, starting form an object side,first, second, third, fourth and fifth lens elements and wherein thefourth and fifth lens elements have opposite refractive power signs. 11.The dual-aperture zoom camera of claim 1, wherein the Tele lenscomprises, starting form an object side, first, second, third, fourthand fifth lens elements and wherein the third lens element has negativerefractive power.
 12. The dual-aperture zoom camera of claim 1, whereinfor ZF=1, EFL_(ZF)=EFL_(W).
 13. The dual-aperture zoom camera of claim1, wherein EFL_(T)/EFL_(W)=e, wherein e is in the range 1.3-2.0 andwherein for ZF>e, EFL_(ZF)=EFL_(T).
 14. The dual-aperture zoom camera ofclaim 1, wherein EFL_(T)/EFL_(W)=e, wherein e is in the range 1.3-2.0and wherein for ZF in the range 1<ZF<e, EFL_(ZF)=ZF×EFL_(W).
 15. Thedual-aperture zoom camera of claim 1, wherein the Tele lens comprises,starting form an object side, first, second, third, fourth and fifthlens elements and wherein an air gap between the first lens element andthe second lens element is smaller than half a width of the second lenselement.
 16. The dual-aperture zoom camera of claim 15, wherein thefourth lens element and the fifth lens element have opposite refractivepower signs.
 17. The dual-aperture zoom camera of claim 15, wherein thethird lens element has negative refractive power.